My research has shown that there are various biological based theories detailing why paediatric OCD develops. These include heightened brain activity in the areas of the frontal lobes and orbital cortex, decreased levels of serotonin, a neurotransmitter and increased levels of glutamate, another neurotransmitter. Another interesting theory is that OCD can be triggered by an infection, and is one of the Paediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal Infection (PANDAS).
In terms of environmental theories, these seem to be less significant. An environmental factor believed to possible influence the development of OCD is the style of parenting; certain rituals performed by the parent may be 'picked up' by their child. However, this is not believed to be an important factor since many children with OCD don't have parents expressing similar symptoms.
Psychological factors are also believed by many to be significant. These are the psychodynamic model, the cognitive model and the behavioural model. The cognitive and behavioural models seem, to an extent, to be true due to the success of Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy (CBT).
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